doi: 10.52899/24141437_2026_01_133
UDK: 534.321.9

Electrophysical Fields in Manufacturing of Piezoceramic Transducers

Рытов Е. Ю., Пугачёв С. И., Квирая И. А.
Article language:
Citation Link: Pugachev SI, Rytov EYu, Kviraya IA. Electrophysical Fields in Manufacturing of Piezoceramic Transducers. Transactions of the Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University. 2026;5(1):133–144. DOI: 10.52899/24141437_2026_01_133 EDN: SEVLDF

Annotation

BACKGROUND: Piezoceramic transducers are the main working parts of hydro- and electroacoustic systems. The manufacturing of such transducers includes multiple operations; whereas the shaping of piezoelectric ceramics and the application of metal electrodes to its surface (metallization) largely determine the operational parameters of the transducers. AIM: To analyze the possible use of electrophysical fields (ultrasonic and ultra-high-frequency (UHF) electromagnetic fields) to intensify the piezoelectric ceramics shaping and metallization processes. METHODS: The authors use contemporary structural analysis of piezoelectric ceramics, such as electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray structural analysis, local X-ray spectral analysis, and mathematical and computer modeling of piezoelectric ceramics shaping and metallization processes. RESULTS: Original engineering flow charts for ultrasonic shaping and ultra-high-frequency metallization of industrial piezoelectric ceramics have been developed. The article describes the nature of electrophysical effect on shaping and metallization and physical models of these processes. In addition, it presents process conditions of ultrasonic shaping and UHF metallization of piezoelectric ceramics and shows their advantages over industrial processes. The penetration depth of silver into piezoelectric ceramics during UHF metallization is marginally greater than industrial metallization, which demonstrates high performance of the new technology. CONCLUSION: Electrophysical fields generated by industrial ultrasonic and ultra-high-frequency process equipment allow to successfully increase the performance of piezoceramic transducers. Keywords: piezoelectric ceramics; electrophysical fields; ultrasonic shaping; ultrasonic metallization; UHF metallization.

Bibliography

1. Pugachev SI, Rytov EY. Ultrasonic molding for electrophysical ceramics. Vestnik TvGU. Physics Series. 2011;12:30-74. EDN: OPIJMV (In Russ.)
2. Pugachev SI, Rytov EY, Smirnov AB, Ged’ko PY. Ultrasonic shaping of piezoelectric tubular actuators for microrobots. Proceedings of the XXV sessions of the Russian Acoustic Society. Moscow: GEOS. 2012;2:106-109. (In Russ.)
3. Erofeev AA, Krasavina MA, Legusha FF, Pugachev SI, Kharitonov DO. Proceedings of the 5th international conference on actual problems of electronic instrument engineering proceedings: APEP-2000. Novosibirsk, 26-29 September 2000. Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk State Technical University. 2000;3:62-65. (In Russ.)
4. Pugachev SI, Rytov EI, Malyshkina OV, et al. Ultrasound molding piezoelectric ceramics containing the ultrafine particles. Marine Intellectual Technologies. 2015;2-1:41-46. EDN: VHSTKJ
5. Krasavina MA, Pugachev SI, Rytov EY. Ultrasonic shaping of oxide-zinc ceramics. Saint Peterburg: SPBPU, 2011. (In Russ.) EDN: QNFCRL
6. Prokhorenko PP, Pugachev SI, Semenova NG. Ultrasonic metallization of materials. Minsk: Nauka i tekhnika, 1987. (In Russ.)
7. Krasavina MA, Pugachev SI, Semenova NG. Ultrasonic metallization of electrophysical ceramics. Saint Peterburg: SPBPU, 2013. (In Russ.)
8. Landau LD, Lifshic EM. Hydrodynamics. Vol. 6. Moscow: Nauka, 1986. (In Russ.)